Table 2 Baseline subject characteristics

Age (years)

46.15 (22.06–65.7)

45.66 (20.46–65.85)

1.000^a

Sex (female), n (%)

47 (55.9)

47 (55.9)

1.000^c

BMI (kg/m²)

29.9 ± 4.71

23.94 ± 3.51

< 0.001^a

Waist circumference (cm)

95.97 ± 10.39

81.04 ± 8.8

< 0.001^a

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

130 (100–190)

110 (90–155)

< 0.001^b

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

85 (60–145)

75 (60–95)

< 0.001^b

Plasma fasting glucose (mg/dL)

71.05 (44.05–227.6)

68.8 (43.2–110.4)

0.021^b

Plasma fasting HDL (mg/dL)

36.70 ± 6.61

43.22 ± 10.05

< 0.001^a

Plasma fasting triglyceride (mg/dL)

184.28 ± 93.41

101.57 ± 41.62

< 0.001^a

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

184.1 (88.1–380.2)

159.3 (95.3–250.2)

< 0.001^b

Smokers, n (%)

21 (59.5)

15 (40.5)

0.259^c

Total calories (kcal)

1203.3 (803.4–2582.4)

1178.5 (759.70–2014.4)

0.503^b

Carbohydrates (g)

167.43 ± 49.84

164.44 ± 46.79

0.433^a

Fat (g)

50.79 ± 20.69

46.70 ± 16.30

0.168^a

Protein (g)

44.40 ± 14.94

42.72 ± 13.26

0.433^a