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Table 1 Genotype distribution of ACE, AGT, and ARNT genes polymorphisms in the studied groups

From: Association of gene polymorphisms of ACE, AGT, and ARNT-like protein 1 with susceptibility to gestational diabetes

Genotypes

GDM (n = 160)

Control (n = 165)

X2 values

P values

Risk /OR (95% CI)

ACE (I/D)

     

II

8 (5%)

80 (48.5%)

   

ID

68 (42.5%)

50 (30.3%)

   

DD

84 (52.5%)

35 (21.2%)

81.77

0.000*

 

II

8 (5%)

80 (48.5%)

   

ID + DD

152 (95%)

85 (51.5%)

77.8

0.000*

17.88 (8.25–38.77)

ID + II

76 (47.5%)

130 (78.8%)

   

DD

84 (52.5%)

35 (21.2%)

34.3

0.000*

4.1 (2.53–6.67)

I

84 (26.2%)

210 (63.6%)

   

D

236 (73.8%)

120 (36.4%)

91.7

0.000*

4.9 (3.52–6.87)

AGT (M/T)

     

MM

20 (12.5%)

115 (69.7%)

   

MT

92 (57.5%)

30 (18.2%)

   

TT

48 (30%)

20 (12.1%)

109.83

0.000*

 

MM

20 (12.5%)

115 (69.7%)

   

MT + TT

140 (87.5%)

50 (30.3%)

109.4

0.000*

0.062 (0.035–0.11)

MT + MM

112 (70%)

145 (87.9%)

   

TT

48 (30%)

20 (12.1%)

15.7

0.000*

0.32 (0.18–0.57)

M

132 (41.2%)

260 (78.8%)

   

T

188 (58.8%)

70 (21.2%)

95.6

0.000*

0.19 (0.13–0.27)

ARNT (G/A)

     

GG

30 (18.7%)

90 (54.6%)

   

GA

68 (42.5%)

55 (33.3%)

   

AA

62 (38.8%)

20 (12.1%)

52.82

0.000*

 

GG

30 (18.7%)

90 (54.6%)

   

GA + AA

130 (81.3%)

75 (45.4%)

44.69

0.000*

5.2 (3.15–8.6)

GA + GG

98 (61.2%)

145 (87.9%)

   

AA

62 (38.8%)

20 (12.1%)

30.5

0.000*

4.6 (2.6–8.1)

G

128 (40%)

235 (71.2%)

   

A

192 (60%)

95 (28.8%)

64.2

0.000*

3.7 (2.7–5.2)

  1. Data are expressed as numbers (percentage (X2: chi-square statistic
  2. 95% CI: 95% confidence intervals. OR: odds ratio
  3. Bold values indicate a significant difference between the studied groups (GDM and Control)
  4. *P < 0.001 was considered highly significant