Fig. 1

Schematic representation of SARS-COV-2 structure and life cycle. A structure of SARS-CoV-2; the crown-like spike proteins (S) are placed on the outside of the viral envelope. B SARS-CoV-2 genomic structure; SARS-CoV-2 genome consists of the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR), nonstructural proteins region, structural and accessory proteins region, and the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR). C life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 in host cells; virus starts its life cycle by binding of S1 protein to the cellular receptor ACE2 and then proteolytic cleavage in the S protein facilitates the fusion of viral and cellular membranes by S2 protein. After the release of the viral genome into the cytoplasm, viral RNA replicates, and then viral proteins translate from the RNA and then viral proteins and genome are assembled into virions in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. Eventually, Virions are transported by vesicles to near the cell membrane and released out of the infected cell by budding from the cytoplasmic membrane