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Table 3 Top 20 upstream regulators revealed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis

From: Pathway analysis of smoking-induced changes in buccal mucosal gene expression

Upstream regulator

Molecule type

Log2 ratio

p value

Z score

TP53

Transcription regulator

0.477

1.39 × 10–09

1.028

Dexamethasone

Chemical drug

–

1.10 × 10–06

0.438

APP

Other

1.709

1.39 × 10–06

0.01

SMAD3

Transcription regulator

0.687

3.20 × 10–06

− 1.508

TNF

Cytokine

0.098

5.90 × 10–06

− 1.169

Decitabine

Chemical drug

–

6.61 × 10–06

1.433

Tetradecanoylphorbol

Chemical drug

–

8.14 × 10–06

− 1.916

L-type calcium channel

Complex

–

1.01 × 10–05

− 1.98

Camptothecin

Chemical drug

–

1.53 × 10–05

− 0.64

KDM5B

Transcription regulator

0.95

1.79 × 10–05

1.04

OSM

Cytokine

− 0.844

2.74 × 10–05

1.01

TGFB3

Growth factor

0.488

2.80 × 10–05

− 0.877

Nitrofurantoin

Chemical drug

–

2.90 × 10–05

− 1.437

Forskolin

Chemical toxicant

–

4.11 × 10–05

− 2.25

TP63

Transcription regulator

1.346

4.15 × 10–05

− 2.611

CSF3

Cytokine

0.301

6.00 × 10–05

− 0.494

PPARA

Ligand-dependent nuclear receptor

0.147

6.01 × 10–05

− 0.789

Haloperidol

Chemical drug

–

6.35 × 10–05

− 1.591

LY294002

Chemical-kinase inhibitor

–

7.53 × 10–05

0.822

RASSF1

Other

0.33

8.26 × 10–05

0.333